| Title | Simplicius |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Published in | The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Helmig, Christoph |
| Editor(s) | Zalta, Edward N. |
| Translator(s) |
| Simplicius of Cilicia (ca. 480–560 CE), roughly a contemporary of John Philoponus, is without doubt the most important Neoplatonic commentator on Aristotle and one of the two most influential exegetes within the Aristotelian tradition, along with Alexander of Aphrodisias (around 200 CE). Simplicius’ works are an unmatched source for the intellectual traditions that preceded him: Presocratic, Platonic, and especially the Peripatetic tradition. He is also an independent thinker in his own right, with a coherent philosophical agenda. Best known for his tendency to harmonise Plato and Aristotle, he nevertheless criticised Aristotle on several occasions and considered himself a loyal follower of Plato. Writing in an age when Christianity was the dominant religious and political view, Simplicius aimed to show that the Hellenic tradition is not only much older, but also more venerable and more coherent than the Christian tradition. Unimpressed by charges of alleged contradictions among Greek philosophers, Simplicius repeatedly proclaimed that “the ancient wisdom (palaia philosophia) remains unrefuted” (In Phys. 77.11). It is also noteworthy that, like Proclus and other Neoplatonists, Simplicius presents himself as a thinker for whom philosophy and theology form a complete unity. As has frequently been observed, Simplicius’ works, despite their scholarly outlook, have an important spiritual dimension (see §5). Simplicius’ commentaries have only recently been studied with an eye to his own philosophical views. He was long considered a mere source for Greek philosophy, and, as noted by Baltussen (2010: 714), Simplicius’ importance as a source for ancient Greek philosophy and science has long overshadowed his contributions as an independent thinker. Nineteenth-century Quellenforschung was especially interested in his Commentary on the Physics, which was edited in two volumes (Simplicii in Aristotelis Physicorum libros quattuor priores/quattuor posteriores, comprising almost 1500 pages) by Hermann Diels; this commentary served as the basis for Diels’ edition of the Doxographi Graeci (Greek Doxographers), which includes the main doctrines on natural philosophy according to ancient doxographical compendia. One of the aims of this entry is to emphasise that Simplicius’ writings have much more to offer than a mere doxography of his predecessors—but always bearing in mind that it is only possible to appreciate how Simplicius arranges and interprets the material at his disposal by duly attending to his Neoplatonic agenda. |
| Online Resources | https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2020/entries/simplicius/ |
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| Title | Commentators on Aristotle |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2005 |
| Published in | The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Falcon, Andrea |
| Editor(s) | Zalta, Edward N. |
| Translator(s) |
| The philosophical commentary emerged as an important mode of expression towards the end of the Hellenistic period and into Late Antiquity, as Plato and Aristotle were regarded as philosophical authorities and their works were subject to intense study. This entry provides a concise account of how the revival of interest in the philosophy of Aristotle developed into the commentary tradition, with special emphasis on the study of the Categories. The commentary format was not only used to expound the works of Aristotle, but also as a vehicle for original philosophical theorizing. The commentators shared the practice of reading and commenting on Aristotle's texts, but there was no philosophy of the commentators in the sense of a definite set of doctrines that all the ancient commentators on Aristotle shared. The exegetical tradition was diverse, and different commentators developed different lines of interpretations in the light of the different concerns that motivated their exegesis. [introduction/conclusion] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/nCytKi34b5xumf1 |
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| Title | The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |
| Type | |
| Language | English |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | |
| Editor(s) | Zalta, Edward N. |
| Translator(s) |
| Welcome to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP), which as of March 2018, has nearly 1600 entries online. From its inception, the SEP was designed so that each entry is maintained and kept up-to-date by an expert or group of experts in the field. All entries and substantive updates are refereed by the members of a distinguished Editorial Board before they are made public. Consequently, our dynamic reference work maintains academic standards while evolving and adapting in response to new research. You can cite fixed editions that are created on a quarterly basis and stored in our Archives (every entry contains a link to its complete archival history, identifying the fixed edition the reader should cite). The Table of Contents lists entries that are published or assigned. The Projected Table of Contents also lists entries which are currently unassigned but nevertheless projected. [author's description] |
| Online Resources | https://plato.stanford.edu/index.html |
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| Title | Commentators on Aristotle |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2005 |
| Published in | The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Falcon, Andrea |
| Editor(s) | Zalta, Edward N. |
| Translator(s) |
The philosophical commentary emerged as an important mode of expression towards the end of the Hellenistic period and into Late Antiquity, as Plato and Aristotle were regarded as philosophical authorities and their works were subject to intense study. This entry provides a concise account of how the revival of interest in the philosophy of Aristotle developed into the commentary tradition, with special emphasis on the study of the Categories. The commentary format was not only used to expound the works of Aristotle, but also as a vehicle for original philosophical theorizing. The commentators shared the practice of reading and commenting on Aristotle's texts, but there was no philosophy of the commentators in the sense of a definite set of doctrines that all the ancient commentators on Aristotle shared. The exegetical tradition was diverse, and different commentators developed different lines of interpretations in the light of the different concerns that motivated their exegesis. [introduction/conclusion] |
| Online Resources | https://uni-koeln.sciebo.de/s/nCytKi34b5xumf1 |
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| Title | Simplicius |
| Type | Book Section |
| Language | English |
| Date | 2020 |
| Published in | The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | Helmig, Christoph |
| Editor(s) | Zalta, Edward N. |
| Translator(s) |
Simplicius of Cilicia (ca. 480–560 CE), roughly a contemporary of John Philoponus, is without doubt the most important Neoplatonic commentator on Aristotle and one of the two most influential exegetes within the Aristotelian tradition, along with Alexander of Aphrodisias (around 200 CE). Simplicius’ works are an unmatched source for the intellectual traditions that preceded him: Presocratic, Platonic, and especially the Peripatetic tradition. He is also an independent thinker in his own right, with a coherent philosophical agenda. Best known for his tendency to harmonise Plato and Aristotle, he nevertheless criticised Aristotle on several occasions and considered himself a loyal follower of Plato. Writing in an age when Christianity was the dominant religious and political view, Simplicius aimed to show that the Hellenic tradition is not only much older, but also more venerable and more coherent than the Christian tradition. Unimpressed by charges of alleged contradictions among Greek philosophers, Simplicius repeatedly proclaimed that “the ancient wisdom (palaia philosophia) remains unrefuted” (In Phys. 77.11). It is also noteworthy that, like Proclus and other Neoplatonists, Simplicius presents himself as a thinker for whom philosophy and theology form a complete unity. As has frequently been observed, Simplicius’ works, despite their scholarly outlook, have an important spiritual dimension (see §5).
Simplicius’ commentaries have only recently been studied with an eye to his own philosophical views. He was long considered a mere source for Greek philosophy, and, as noted by Baltussen (2010: 714),
Simplicius’ importance as a source for ancient Greek philosophy and science has long overshadowed his contributions as an independent thinker.
Nineteenth-century Quellenforschung was especially interested in his Commentary on the Physics, which was edited in two volumes (Simplicii in Aristotelis Physicorum libros quattuor priores/quattuor posteriores, comprising almost 1500 pages) by Hermann Diels; this commentary served as the basis for Diels’ edition of the Doxographi Graeci (Greek Doxographers), which includes the main doctrines on natural philosophy according to ancient doxographical compendia.
One of the aims of this entry is to emphasise that Simplicius’ writings have much more to offer than a mere doxography of his predecessors—but always bearing in mind that it is only possible to appreciate how Simplicius arranges and interprets the material at his disposal by duly attending to his Neoplatonic agenda. |
| Online Resources | https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2020/entries/simplicius/ |
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| Title | The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |
| Type | |
| Language | English |
| Categories | no categories |
| Author(s) | |
| Editor(s) | Zalta, Edward N. |
| Translator(s) |
Welcome to the Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (SEP), which as of March 2018, has nearly 1600 entries online. From its inception, the SEP was designed so that each entry is maintained and kept up-to-date by an expert or group of experts in the field. All entries and substantive updates are refereed by the members of a distinguished Editorial Board before they are made public. Consequently, our dynamic reference work maintains academic standards while evolving and adapting in response to new research. You can cite fixed editions that are created on a quarterly basis and stored in our Archives (every entry contains a link to its complete archival history, identifying the fixed edition the reader should cite). The Table of Contents lists entries that are published or assigned. The Projected Table of Contents also lists entries which are currently unassigned but nevertheless projected. [author's description] |
| Online Resources | https://plato.stanford.edu/index.html |
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